Microstructures
by George Langford, Sc.D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 1966
Copyright©
2005 by George Langford
Low Alloy Steels - Lesson 4 - First specimen
Free machining steel B1144 at 500X etched
Here we have a free machining steel (B1144) which failed to induction harden properly because of the banded structure.

The image at left was made at 100X, and the image below it was made at 500X.  Both used a Nital etch.
Free machining steel B1144 at 500X etched
The ferrite formed first next to the manganese sulfide (MnS) stringers because the manganese was depleted there in the process of becoming combined with the sulfur.  The brown areas are tempered martensite, and the blue areas are pearlite.




Specimen 2 is a gas-carburized steel.