Microstructures
by George Langford, Sc.D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 1966
Copyright©
2005 by George Langford
Non Ferrous Alloys - Lesson 1 - First specimen
OFHC copper at 50X etched
The first specimen is oxygen free high conductivity (OFHC) copper.  The photomicrograph, taken at 50 times (50X) linear magnification, illustrates the microstructure after etching with an ammonium hydroxide/hydrogen peroxide mixture, which was also used for all subsequent specimens in this lesson.  This specimen has been cold worked, annealed, and then cold worked again.  You can tell by the bent annealing twins and by the distortion of the grains.  Originally equiaxed, the grains now are twice as long from left to right as they are high.  Some of the grains are quite large.

The second specimen is shown on the next page.